Characteristics of the study population by parental history of diabetes (the MORGEN study 1993–1997)
| . | Men . | Women . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parental history . | 95% Cl of difference . | Parental history . | 95% Cl of difference . | |||
| Yes (n = 250) . | No (n = 1,384) . | Yes (n = 256) . | No (n = 1,178) . | |||
| Age (years) | 43.4 | 39.6 | 2.3 to 5.2 | 41.4 | 37.9 | 2.0 to 4.9 |
| Current cigarette smokers (%) | 46.9 | 48.8 | −8.8 to 4.9 | 52.8 | 50.8 | −4.8 to 8.8 |
| Alcohol intake | ||||||
| Abstainers (%) | 30.8 | 23.6 | 1.3 to 13.1 | 58.6 | 50.7 | 1.2 to 14.7 |
| ≥1 drink/day (%) | 55.6 | 63.4 | −14.3 to −1.2 | 22.0 | 28.2 | −12.2 to 0.2 |
| Physical activity* ≥3.5 h/week (%) | 40.6 | 43.3 | −9.4 to 4.0 | 40.3 | 43.4 | −9.8 to 3.5 |
| Low educational level† (%) | 51.8 | 46.5 | −1.3 to 11.9 | 57.4 | 50.0 | 1.0 to 13.7 |
| Obesity | ||||||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 94.2 | 91.9 | 0.9 to 3.6 | 82.5 | 80.2 | 0.8 to 3.7 |
| Waist action level 1 to 2‡ (%) | 26.4 | 21.7 | −0.9 to 10.3 | 20.8 | 22.7 | −7.6 to 3.7 |
| Waist action level ≥2§ (%) | 26.0 | 18.4 | 2.4 to 12.8 | 28.9 | 21.3 | 2.2 to 13.1 |
| WHR | 0.919 | 0.906 | 0.004 to 0.02 | 0.794 | 0.785 | 0.001 to 0.02 |
| WHR, BMI-adjusted | 0.908 | 0.906 | −0.01 to 0.01 | 0.791 | 0.789 | −0.01 to 0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 | 25.4 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 25.8 | 24.6 | 0.5 to 1.7 |
| Hyperglycemia | ||||||
| Prevalence of hyperglycemia‖ (%) | 22.2 | 12.6 | 5.0 to 14.3 | 11.1 | 5.8 | 2.0 to 8.7 |
| Plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.7 | 5.3 | 0.2 to 0.5 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 0.1 to 0.3 |
| . | Men . | Women . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parental history . | 95% Cl of difference . | Parental history . | 95% Cl of difference . | |||
| Yes (n = 250) . | No (n = 1,384) . | Yes (n = 256) . | No (n = 1,178) . | |||
| Age (years) | 43.4 | 39.6 | 2.3 to 5.2 | 41.4 | 37.9 | 2.0 to 4.9 |
| Current cigarette smokers (%) | 46.9 | 48.8 | −8.8 to 4.9 | 52.8 | 50.8 | −4.8 to 8.8 |
| Alcohol intake | ||||||
| Abstainers (%) | 30.8 | 23.6 | 1.3 to 13.1 | 58.6 | 50.7 | 1.2 to 14.7 |
| ≥1 drink/day (%) | 55.6 | 63.4 | −14.3 to −1.2 | 22.0 | 28.2 | −12.2 to 0.2 |
| Physical activity* ≥3.5 h/week (%) | 40.6 | 43.3 | −9.4 to 4.0 | 40.3 | 43.4 | −9.8 to 3.5 |
| Low educational level† (%) | 51.8 | 46.5 | −1.3 to 11.9 | 57.4 | 50.0 | 1.0 to 13.7 |
| Obesity | ||||||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 94.2 | 91.9 | 0.9 to 3.6 | 82.5 | 80.2 | 0.8 to 3.7 |
| Waist action level 1 to 2‡ (%) | 26.4 | 21.7 | −0.9 to 10.3 | 20.8 | 22.7 | −7.6 to 3.7 |
| Waist action level ≥2§ (%) | 26.0 | 18.4 | 2.4 to 12.8 | 28.9 | 21.3 | 2.2 to 13.1 |
| WHR | 0.919 | 0.906 | 0.004 to 0.02 | 0.794 | 0.785 | 0.001 to 0.02 |
| WHR, BMI-adjusted | 0.908 | 0.906 | −0.01 to 0.01 | 0.791 | 0.789 | −0.01 to 0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.4 | 25.4 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 25.8 | 24.6 | 0.5 to 1.7 |
| Hyperglycemia | ||||||
| Prevalence of hyperglycemia‖ (%) | 22.2 | 12.6 | 5.0 to 14.3 | 11.1 | 5.8 | 2.0 to 8.7 |
| Plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.7 | 5.3 | 0.2 to 0.5 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 0.1 to 0.3 |
Data are means unless otherwise indicated.
Adjusted for age (years) and town of examination (Amsterdam, Doetinchem, Maastricht) (except for age); differences are statistically significant (P < 0.05) if the 95% CI does not include 0. Nonoccupational physical activity of at least moderate intensity;
junior secondary school or less;
94.0–101.9 cm for men and 80.0–87.9 cm for women,
≥102.0 cm for men and ≥88.0 cm for women;
plasma glucose concentration ≥6.1 mmol/l.