American Diabetes Association

Table 4—

Urinary α₁-microglobulin by degree of albuminuria

	n	% (n) with α₁-microglobulin ≥1.70 mg/mmol urine creatinine	Geometric mean of α₁-microglobulin (mg/mmol urine creatinine)
	n	% (n) with α₁-microglobulin ≥1.70 mg/mmol urine creatinine				Unadjusted^†	Adjusted^*^† (95% CI)
Normoalbuminuria (<2 mg/mmol urine creatinine)	375	33.6 (126)	1.05	1.08 (0.97–1.21)
Microalbuminuria (2–20 mg/mmol urine creatinine)	181	53.6 (97)	1.51	1.43 (1.23–1.67)
Macroalbuminuria (>20 mg/mmol urine creatinine)	31	64.5 (20)	4.61	4.43 (3.05–6.42)

	n	% (n) with α₁-microglobulin ≥1.70 mg/mmol urine creatinine	Geometric mean of α₁-microglobulin (mg/mmol urine creatinine)
	n	% (n) with α₁-microglobulin ≥1.70 mg/mmol urine creatinine				Unadjusted^†	Adjusted^*^† (95% CI)
Normoalbuminuria (<2 mg/mmol urine creatinine)	375	33.6 (126)	1.05	1.08 (0.97–1.21)
Microalbuminuria (2–20 mg/mmol urine creatinine)	181	53.6 (97)	1.51	1.43 (1.23–1.67)
Macroalbuminuria (>20 mg/mmol urine creatinine)	31	64.5 (20)	4.61	4.43 (3.05–6.42)

*

Adjusted for age, sex, ethnic group, hypertension status, and HbA_1c by ANCOVA;

†

P < 0.01 by trend χ² test and P < 0.01 between each subgroup pair by the Bonferroni’s test.