Effects of hypoxia on blood gases, ventilation, and systemic hemodynamics
| Variable/condition . | Saline . | . | Phentolamine . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Control . | Diabetes . | Control . | Diabetes . | ||
| Hb saturation (%) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 97.1 ± 0.3 | 97.4 ± 0.3 | 97.6 ± 0.2 | 97.0 ± 0.3 | ||
| Hypoxia | 82.1 ± 1.3* | 81.9 ± 1.2* | 83.4 ± 1.3* | 83.6 ± 1.5* | ||
| PO2 (mmHg) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 91.9 ± 4.5 | 91.8 ± 3.3 | 92.3 ± 3.5 | 90.9 ± 3.6 | ||
| Hypoxia | 43.7 ± 1.1* | 43.9 ± 0.9* | 43.7 ± 0.5* | 44.9 ± 1.4* | ||
| PETCO2(mmHg) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 36.3 ± 0.9 | 35.4 ± 2.9 | 35.8 ± 1.4 | 37.0 ± 1.8 | ||
| Hypoxia | 36.2 ± 1.1 | 34.0 ± 2.9 | 35.1 ± 1.1 | 35.7 ± 1.7 | ||
| pH | ||||||
| Normoxia | 7.42 ± 0.01 | 7.40 ± 0.01 | 7.42 ± 0.01 | 7.41 ± 0.01 | ||
| Hypoxia | 7.43 ± 0.01 | 7.44 ± 0.01*† | 7.44 ± 0.01* | 7.45 ± 0.01 | ||
| Minute ventilation (l/min BTPS) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 6.4 ± 1.2 | 6.4 ± 1.1 | 6.8 ± 1.4 | 9.4 ± 2.1 | ||
| Hypoxia | 17.0 ± 5.0 | 9.5 ± 2.0† | 13.3 ± 5.0 | 12.5 ± 2.0 | ||
| Heart rate (bpm) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 65.6 ± 3.9 | 63.9 ± 2.4 | 66.4 ± 3.1 | 64.3 ± 2.5 | ||
| Hypoxia | 83.1 ± 5.0* | 75.2 ± 3.3*† | 79.5 ± 3.4* | 77.2 ± 3.4 | ||
| Arterial pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 93.7 ± 4.0 | 94.7 ± 2.0 | 90.7 ± 3.8 | 92.3 ± 2.1 | ||
| Hypoxia | 104.1 ± 7.4 | 96.2 ± 2.6 | 93.9 ± 4.7 | 92.5 ± 2.6† | ||
| Variable/condition . | Saline . | . | Phentolamine . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Control . | Diabetes . | Control . | Diabetes . | ||
| Hb saturation (%) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 97.1 ± 0.3 | 97.4 ± 0.3 | 97.6 ± 0.2 | 97.0 ± 0.3 | ||
| Hypoxia | 82.1 ± 1.3* | 81.9 ± 1.2* | 83.4 ± 1.3* | 83.6 ± 1.5* | ||
| PO2 (mmHg) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 91.9 ± 4.5 | 91.8 ± 3.3 | 92.3 ± 3.5 | 90.9 ± 3.6 | ||
| Hypoxia | 43.7 ± 1.1* | 43.9 ± 0.9* | 43.7 ± 0.5* | 44.9 ± 1.4* | ||
| PETCO2(mmHg) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 36.3 ± 0.9 | 35.4 ± 2.9 | 35.8 ± 1.4 | 37.0 ± 1.8 | ||
| Hypoxia | 36.2 ± 1.1 | 34.0 ± 2.9 | 35.1 ± 1.1 | 35.7 ± 1.7 | ||
| pH | ||||||
| Normoxia | 7.42 ± 0.01 | 7.40 ± 0.01 | 7.42 ± 0.01 | 7.41 ± 0.01 | ||
| Hypoxia | 7.43 ± 0.01 | 7.44 ± 0.01*† | 7.44 ± 0.01* | 7.45 ± 0.01 | ||
| Minute ventilation (l/min BTPS) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 6.4 ± 1.2 | 6.4 ± 1.1 | 6.8 ± 1.4 | 9.4 ± 2.1 | ||
| Hypoxia | 17.0 ± 5.0 | 9.5 ± 2.0† | 13.3 ± 5.0 | 12.5 ± 2.0 | ||
| Heart rate (bpm) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 65.6 ± 3.9 | 63.9 ± 2.4 | 66.4 ± 3.1 | 64.3 ± 2.5 | ||
| Hypoxia | 83.1 ± 5.0* | 75.2 ± 3.3*† | 79.5 ± 3.4* | 77.2 ± 3.4 | ||
| Arterial pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
| Normoxia | 93.7 ± 4.0 | 94.7 ± 2.0 | 90.7 ± 3.8 | 92.3 ± 2.1 | ||
| Hypoxia | 104.1 ± 7.4 | 96.2 ± 2.6 | 93.9 ± 4.7 | 92.5 ± 2.6† | ||
Data are means ± SE.
P significant by Bonferroni-corrected post hoc t test, hypoxia versus normoxia;
P < 0.05, by two-way ANOVA, control versus diabetic subjects between normoxia and hypoxia within drug trial.