Characteristics of the subjects
| . | Whole group . | Genetic etiology HNF-1α/A3243G/LMNA . | Antibody+ subjects . | Type 2 diabetes (No defined etiology) . | P (antibody+ vs. type 2) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 268 | 5 | 26 | 237 | |
| Men | 53.7 (144) | 0 | 50.0 (13) | 55.3 (131) | 0.6 |
| Diagnosis age (years) | 40.5 (36–44) | 39/29/24 | 41 (37–44) | 40.5 (36–44) | 0.8 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 14 (7–22) | 25/4/1 | 15 (8–20) | 14 (7–22) | 0.8 |
| Initial treatment (%) (diet/oha/ins) | 48/50/2 | HNF-1α 100/0/0 | 35/61/4 | 49.5/49.5/1 | 0.3 |
| A3243G 50/50/0 | |||||
| LMNA 100/0/0 | |||||
| Current insulin therapy | 53 (142) | 50/100/0 | 85 (22) | 50 (119) | <0.001 |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 31.6 ± 6.8 | 24.9/22.1/23.9 | 27.8 ± 6.6 | 32.2 ± 6.7 | 0.002 |
| WHR | |||||
| Male | 0.96 (0.93–1.0) | — | 0.94 (0.89–0.98) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 0.09 |
| Female | 0.88 (0.84–0.92) | 0.89/0.82/0.90 | 0.85 (0.82–0.88) | 0.88 (0.84–0.93) | 0.04 |
| Anti-hypertensive therapy | 57 (152) | 0/0/100 | 27 (7) | 61 (144) | 0.003 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.1 (4.5–5.8) | 6.1/4.2/6.1 | 5.3 (5.1–5.8) | 5.0 (4.5–5.8) | 0.07 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 2.17 (1.5–3.3) | 1.5/4.1/4.0* | 1.62 (1.0–2.2) | 2.19 (1.5–3.4) | 0.01 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.7 (7.7–9.5) | 8.1/7.8/7.0 | 9.3 (8.7–10.1) | 8.7 (7.6–9.5) | 0.08 |
| Family history diabetes (%) (mother/father/sib) | 35/16/19 | HNF-1α 50/0/0 | 27/12/8 | 35/17/20 | 0.13 (at least 1 with DM) |
| A3243G 100/0/50 | |||||
| LMNA 100/0/0 | |||||
| Complications (n) | 18 | 171 | |||
| Macrovascular | |||||
| Coronary artery | 5.6 (1) | 25 (43) | Pooled 0.09 | ||
| Cerebrovascular | 11 (2) | 9.4 (16) | |||
| Peripheral vasc | 0 | 11 (18) | |||
| Microvascular | |||||
| Retinopathy | 39 (7) | 22 (37) | 0.14 | ||
| Microalbuminuria | 28 (5) | 25 (42) | 0.8 |
| . | Whole group . | Genetic etiology HNF-1α/A3243G/LMNA . | Antibody+ subjects . | Type 2 diabetes (No defined etiology) . | P (antibody+ vs. type 2) . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 268 | 5 | 26 | 237 | |
| Men | 53.7 (144) | 0 | 50.0 (13) | 55.3 (131) | 0.6 |
| Diagnosis age (years) | 40.5 (36–44) | 39/29/24 | 41 (37–44) | 40.5 (36–44) | 0.8 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 14 (7–22) | 25/4/1 | 15 (8–20) | 14 (7–22) | 0.8 |
| Initial treatment (%) (diet/oha/ins) | 48/50/2 | HNF-1α 100/0/0 | 35/61/4 | 49.5/49.5/1 | 0.3 |
| A3243G 50/50/0 | |||||
| LMNA 100/0/0 | |||||
| Current insulin therapy | 53 (142) | 50/100/0 | 85 (22) | 50 (119) | <0.001 |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 31.6 ± 6.8 | 24.9/22.1/23.9 | 27.8 ± 6.6 | 32.2 ± 6.7 | 0.002 |
| WHR | |||||
| Male | 0.96 (0.93–1.0) | — | 0.94 (0.89–0.98) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 0.09 |
| Female | 0.88 (0.84–0.92) | 0.89/0.82/0.90 | 0.85 (0.82–0.88) | 0.88 (0.84–0.93) | 0.04 |
| Anti-hypertensive therapy | 57 (152) | 0/0/100 | 27 (7) | 61 (144) | 0.003 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.1 (4.5–5.8) | 6.1/4.2/6.1 | 5.3 (5.1–5.8) | 5.0 (4.5–5.8) | 0.07 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 2.17 (1.5–3.3) | 1.5/4.1/4.0* | 1.62 (1.0–2.2) | 2.19 (1.5–3.4) | 0.01 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.7 (7.7–9.5) | 8.1/7.8/7.0 | 9.3 (8.7–10.1) | 8.7 (7.6–9.5) | 0.08 |
| Family history diabetes (%) (mother/father/sib) | 35/16/19 | HNF-1α 50/0/0 | 27/12/8 | 35/17/20 | 0.13 (at least 1 with DM) |
| A3243G 100/0/50 | |||||
| LMNA 100/0/0 | |||||
| Complications (n) | 18 | 171 | |||
| Macrovascular | |||||
| Coronary artery | 5.6 (1) | 25 (43) | Pooled 0.09 | ||
| Cerebrovascular | 11 (2) | 9.4 (16) | |||
| Peripheral vasc | 0 | 11 (18) | |||
| Microvascular | |||||
| Retinopathy | 39 (7) | 22 (37) | 0.14 | ||
| Microalbuminuria | 28 (5) | 25 (42) | 0.8 |
Data are % (n), median (interquartile range), and means ± SD unless otherwise indicated
Fasting TG n/a. DM, diabetes mellitus. Antibody+, antibody positive.