Analysis of intervention components
| Feature . | Feature prevalence (%) . | Number of participants studied . | Percent success rate . | . | Rate difference (%) . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | . | With feature (%) . | Without feature (%) . | . | |
| Target of the intervention | ||||||
| Patient: intervention targets knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors of patients | 70.5 (12/17) (21,22,25,27–30,32–36) | 2,036 | 67 | 60 | 7 | |
| System: intervention targets information systems, access to care, and/or health care provider roles | 41 (7/17) (20–23,25,26,31) | 2,532 | 71 | 60 | 9 | |
| Provider: intervention targets the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors of providers | 6 (1/17) (24) | 427 | 0 | 69 | −69* | |
| How the intervention is designed | ||||||
| Language or literacy tailoring: intervention is tailored to the specific populations’ language or literacy level | 53 (9/17) (21,22,24,29,30,32–34,36) | 1,981 | 67 | 63 | 4 | |
| Cultural tailoring: intervention is tailored to the specific populations’ culture | 29 (5/17) (22,29,30,33,34) | 937 | 80 | 58 | 22 | |
| Needs assessment: intervention is designed based on an assessment of patient’s needs | 18 (3/17) (27,29,30) | 579 | 100 | 57 | 43* | |
| Who delivered the intervention | ||||||
| Health care provider: delivered by a licensed health care provider | 82 (14/17) (20–23,25–31,33,34,36) | 3,519 | 64 | 67 | −3 | |
| Community educator/ layperson led: delivered by a layperson trained to deliver the intervention | 29 (5/17) (25,29,30,32,35) | 967 | 80 | 58 | 22 | |
| Setting of the intervention | ||||||
| Primary care: delivered in the primary care system (e.g. family practice) | 59 (10/17) (20,22–28,30,31) | 3,189 | 60 | 71 | −11 | |
| Community based: delivered outside of the health care setting (e.g. local church) | 23.5 (4/17) (29,32,34,35) | 722 | 75 | 62 | 13* | |
| Hospital based: delivered in a clinic affiliated with a hospital | 18 (3/17) (21,33,36) | 401 | 67 | 64 | 3* | |
| How the intervention was delivered | ||||||
| Individual: intervention is delivered individually, one on one | 76 (13/17) (20–28,30–33) | 3,750 | 69 | 40 | 29 | |
| Individualized assessment: patient is assessed individually and intervention is tailored to the assessment | 76 (13/17) (20–28,30–33) | 3,570 | 69 | 50 | 19 | |
| Reassessment/reintervention: patient attends follow-up visit for reassessment and further education or management | 59 (10/17) (20–22,25,27–30,32,33) | 2,084 | 80 | 43 | 37 | |
| Group: intervention is delivered to a group of patients | 41 (7/17) (28–30,32–36) | 1,226 | 57 | 70 | −13 | |
| Diabetes education: intervention is aimed at patient’s diabetes knowledge for specific diabetes management topics | 41 (7/17) (21,25,28,32–34,36) | 1,054 | 43 | 80 | −37 | |
| Use of treatment algorithms: use of a predefined treatment algorithm or clinical guidelines (e.g. cholesterol, diabetes) | 35 (6/17) (20–23,25,31) | 1,935 | 83 | 54 | 29 | |
| Didactic teaching: education provided was delivered mainly by lectures | 29 (5/17) (28,29,33,34,36) | 660 | 40 | 75 | −35 | |
| Behavioral: focuses on behavior-related tasks (e.g. exercise, diet) using behavior-based interventions | 29 (5/17) (27,29,30,33,35) | 729 | 100 | 50 | 50 | |
| Feedback: intervention provides specific feedback to patients on their diabetes control or performance | 29 (5/17) (20,25,27,29,33) | 950 | 80 | 58 | 22 | |
| Interactive/discussion: education provided was delivered mainly by an interactive format | 23.5 (4/17) (29,33,34,36) | 540 | 50 | 69 | −19* | |
| Self-management education: comprehensive education that focuses on developing diabetes knowledge and patients’ ability to self-manage their diabetes | 18 (3/17) (22,29,30) | 769 | 100 | 57 | 43* | |
| Problem solving: development of patient’s problem-solving skills required to manage their diabetes | 18 (3/17) (29,32,33) | 596 | 100 | 57 | 43* | |
| Family support: intervention encourages family members to get involved in attending the session | 12 (2/17) (27,29) | 379 | 100 | 60 | 40* | |
| Intensity of the intervention | ||||||
| Long duration: intervention is delivered over ≥6 months | 82 (14/17) (20–23,25,27–33,35,36) | 3,184 | 79 | 0 | 79 | |
| High intensity: the patient is in direct contact with the intervention >10 times | 47 (8/17) (20,21,29–31,33–35) | 1,462 | 87 | 44 | 43 | |
| Feature . | Feature prevalence (%) . | Number of participants studied . | Percent success rate . | . | Rate difference (%) . | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | . | . | With feature (%) . | Without feature (%) . | . | |
| Target of the intervention | ||||||
| Patient: intervention targets knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors of patients | 70.5 (12/17) (21,22,25,27–30,32–36) | 2,036 | 67 | 60 | 7 | |
| System: intervention targets information systems, access to care, and/or health care provider roles | 41 (7/17) (20–23,25,26,31) | 2,532 | 71 | 60 | 9 | |
| Provider: intervention targets the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors of providers | 6 (1/17) (24) | 427 | 0 | 69 | −69* | |
| How the intervention is designed | ||||||
| Language or literacy tailoring: intervention is tailored to the specific populations’ language or literacy level | 53 (9/17) (21,22,24,29,30,32–34,36) | 1,981 | 67 | 63 | 4 | |
| Cultural tailoring: intervention is tailored to the specific populations’ culture | 29 (5/17) (22,29,30,33,34) | 937 | 80 | 58 | 22 | |
| Needs assessment: intervention is designed based on an assessment of patient’s needs | 18 (3/17) (27,29,30) | 579 | 100 | 57 | 43* | |
| Who delivered the intervention | ||||||
| Health care provider: delivered by a licensed health care provider | 82 (14/17) (20–23,25–31,33,34,36) | 3,519 | 64 | 67 | −3 | |
| Community educator/ layperson led: delivered by a layperson trained to deliver the intervention | 29 (5/17) (25,29,30,32,35) | 967 | 80 | 58 | 22 | |
| Setting of the intervention | ||||||
| Primary care: delivered in the primary care system (e.g. family practice) | 59 (10/17) (20,22–28,30,31) | 3,189 | 60 | 71 | −11 | |
| Community based: delivered outside of the health care setting (e.g. local church) | 23.5 (4/17) (29,32,34,35) | 722 | 75 | 62 | 13* | |
| Hospital based: delivered in a clinic affiliated with a hospital | 18 (3/17) (21,33,36) | 401 | 67 | 64 | 3* | |
| How the intervention was delivered | ||||||
| Individual: intervention is delivered individually, one on one | 76 (13/17) (20–28,30–33) | 3,750 | 69 | 40 | 29 | |
| Individualized assessment: patient is assessed individually and intervention is tailored to the assessment | 76 (13/17) (20–28,30–33) | 3,570 | 69 | 50 | 19 | |
| Reassessment/reintervention: patient attends follow-up visit for reassessment and further education or management | 59 (10/17) (20–22,25,27–30,32,33) | 2,084 | 80 | 43 | 37 | |
| Group: intervention is delivered to a group of patients | 41 (7/17) (28–30,32–36) | 1,226 | 57 | 70 | −13 | |
| Diabetes education: intervention is aimed at patient’s diabetes knowledge for specific diabetes management topics | 41 (7/17) (21,25,28,32–34,36) | 1,054 | 43 | 80 | −37 | |
| Use of treatment algorithms: use of a predefined treatment algorithm or clinical guidelines (e.g. cholesterol, diabetes) | 35 (6/17) (20–23,25,31) | 1,935 | 83 | 54 | 29 | |
| Didactic teaching: education provided was delivered mainly by lectures | 29 (5/17) (28,29,33,34,36) | 660 | 40 | 75 | −35 | |
| Behavioral: focuses on behavior-related tasks (e.g. exercise, diet) using behavior-based interventions | 29 (5/17) (27,29,30,33,35) | 729 | 100 | 50 | 50 | |
| Feedback: intervention provides specific feedback to patients on their diabetes control or performance | 29 (5/17) (20,25,27,29,33) | 950 | 80 | 58 | 22 | |
| Interactive/discussion: education provided was delivered mainly by an interactive format | 23.5 (4/17) (29,33,34,36) | 540 | 50 | 69 | −19* | |
| Self-management education: comprehensive education that focuses on developing diabetes knowledge and patients’ ability to self-manage their diabetes | 18 (3/17) (22,29,30) | 769 | 100 | 57 | 43* | |
| Problem solving: development of patient’s problem-solving skills required to manage their diabetes | 18 (3/17) (29,32,33) | 596 | 100 | 57 | 43* | |
| Family support: intervention encourages family members to get involved in attending the session | 12 (2/17) (27,29) | 379 | 100 | 60 | 40* | |
| Intensity of the intervention | ||||||
| Long duration: intervention is delivered over ≥6 months | 82 (14/17) (20–23,25,27–33,35,36) | 3,184 | 79 | 0 | 79 | |
| High intensity: the patient is in direct contact with the intervention >10 times | 47 (8/17) (20,21,29–31,33–35) | 1,462 | 87 | 44 | 43 | |
Rate difference should be interpreted carefully due to low number of studies examined.