American Diabetes Association

Table 3—

RR (95% CI) of type 2 diabetes associated with a 5-unit increment in BMI during follow-up (1980–2000) and with a 5-kg increment in weight between age 18 years and the year 1980 among 78,419 women, stratified by ethnic group

	Ethnic groups
	White	Asian	Hispanic	Black
n	75,584	801	613	1,421
Person-years of follow-up	1,254,454	11,671	9,248	19,427
Incident cases of diabetes	3,624	49	48	123
Change of BMI between 1980–2000
RR of BMI change (increments of 5 units, multivariate model)*	1.96 (1.93–2.00)^a	2.36 (1.83–3.04)^{^a}	2.21 (1.75–2.79)^{^a}	1.55 (1.36–1.77)^{^b}
Change of weight between age 18 years and the year 1980
Weight at age 18 years (kg)	57.3 ± 8.5	50.6 ± 7.4	53.4 ± 7.8	55.8 ± 8.2
BMI at age 18 years (kg/m²)	21.3 ± 2.9	20.3 ± 2.6	20.7 ± 2.7	20.8 ± 3.1
Weight change since age 18 years until 1980 (kg)	7.6 ± 9.9	5.5 ± 7.6	8.8 ± 9.0	13.4 ± 10.9
RR of weight change (increments of 5 units), multivariate model^†	1.37 (1.35–1.38)^{^a}	1.84 (1.58–2.14)^{^b}	1.44 (1.26–1.63)^{^a}	1.38 (1.28–1.49)^{^a}

	Ethnic groups
	White	Asian	Hispanic	Black
n	75,584	801	613	1,421
Person-years of follow-up	1,254,454	11,671	9,248	19,427
Incident cases of diabetes	3,624	49	48	123
Change of BMI between 1980–2000
RR of BMI change (increments of 5 units, multivariate model)*	1.96 (1.93–2.00)^a	2.36 (1.83–3.04)^{^a}	2.21 (1.75–2.79)^{^a}	1.55 (1.36–1.77)^{^b}
Change of weight between age 18 years and the year 1980
Weight at age 18 years (kg)	57.3 ± 8.5	50.6 ± 7.4	53.4 ± 7.8	55.8 ± 8.2
BMI at age 18 years (kg/m²)	21.3 ± 2.9	20.3 ± 2.6	20.7 ± 2.7	20.8 ± 3.1
Weight change since age 18 years until 1980 (kg)	7.6 ± 9.9	5.5 ± 7.6	8.8 ± 9.0	13.4 ± 10.9
RR of weight change (increments of 5 units), multivariate model^†	1.37 (1.35–1.38)^{^a}	1.84 (1.58–2.14)^{^b}	1.44 (1.26–1.63)^{^a}	1.38 (1.28–1.49)^{^a}

*Adjusted for age (5-year categories), family history of diabetes, alcohol intake (</≥5 g/day), smoking status (current/noncurrent), moderate/vigorous exercise (0, 1–2, and 3+ h/week), and dietary score (below/above median).

†

Adjusted for age (5-year categories), BMI at age 18 (continuous), family history of diabetes, alcohol intake (</≥5 g/day), smoking status (current/non-current), moderate/vigorous exercise (0, 1–2, and 3+ h/week), and dietary score (below/above median) (updated variables).

a, b

Different letters indicate significant differences between groups.

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