Effects of diet on insulin sensitivity and secretion and serum lipids in 25 healthy adults
| . | M diet . | S diet . | T diet . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 4.9 ± 0.1 | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 4.7 ± 0.1 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 26.2 ± 1.8 | 24.0 ± 1.8 | 25.2 ± 1.8 |
| SI × 10−4 (min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 3.44 ± 0.26 | 3.20 ± 0.26 | 3.40 ± 0.26 |
| SG (min−1) | 1.95 ± 0.11 | 1.76 ± 0.11 | 1.90 ± 0.11 |
| AIRg (μU · ml−1 · min−1) | 440.4 ± 45.1 | 418.9 ± 45.3 | 399.3 ± 45.1 |
| Disposition index | 1,362.3 ± 140.0 | 1,291.3 ± 141.1 | 1,273.1 ± 140.0 |
| SI* × 10−4 (min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 3.52 ± 0.25 | 3.67 ± 0.26 | 3.40 ± 0.26 |
| SG* (min−1) | 2.56 ± 0.36 | 2.77 ± 0.37 | 2.72 ± 0.37 |
| Basal insulin secretion (μU · ml−1 · min−1) | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.54 ± 0.4 | 0.57 ± 0.04 |
| No. insulin bursts per 90 min | 7.95 ± 0.26 | 7.91 ± 0.26 | 8.27 ± 0.26 |
| Total insulin secretion (pmol/l) | 473.4 ± 29.4 | 461.4 ± 29.4 | 437.4 ± 29.4 |
| Mean insulin concentration (pmol/l) | 26.4 ± 1.6 | 25.2 ± 1.6 | 27.6 ± 1.6 |
| Insulin production rate (pmol/l) | 185.4 ± 25.8 | 163.2 ± 25.2 | 183.6 ± 25.2 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.78 ± 0.11† | 3.93 ± 0.11 | 3.90 ± 0.11 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.15 ± 0.09 | 2.20 ± 0.09 | 2.24 ± 0.09 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.23 ± 0.04† | 1.28 ± 0.04 | 1.23 ± 0.04† |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.88 ± 0.10 | 0.88 ± 0.10 | 0.94 ± 0.10 |
| . | M diet . | S diet . | T diet . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 4.9 ± 0.1 | 4.8 ± 0.1 | 4.7 ± 0.1 |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/l) | 26.2 ± 1.8 | 24.0 ± 1.8 | 25.2 ± 1.8 |
| SI × 10−4 (min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 3.44 ± 0.26 | 3.20 ± 0.26 | 3.40 ± 0.26 |
| SG (min−1) | 1.95 ± 0.11 | 1.76 ± 0.11 | 1.90 ± 0.11 |
| AIRg (μU · ml−1 · min−1) | 440.4 ± 45.1 | 418.9 ± 45.3 | 399.3 ± 45.1 |
| Disposition index | 1,362.3 ± 140.0 | 1,291.3 ± 141.1 | 1,273.1 ± 140.0 |
| SI* × 10−4 (min−1 · μU−1 · ml−1) | 3.52 ± 0.25 | 3.67 ± 0.26 | 3.40 ± 0.26 |
| SG* (min−1) | 2.56 ± 0.36 | 2.77 ± 0.37 | 2.72 ± 0.37 |
| Basal insulin secretion (μU · ml−1 · min−1) | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.54 ± 0.4 | 0.57 ± 0.04 |
| No. insulin bursts per 90 min | 7.95 ± 0.26 | 7.91 ± 0.26 | 8.27 ± 0.26 |
| Total insulin secretion (pmol/l) | 473.4 ± 29.4 | 461.4 ± 29.4 | 437.4 ± 29.4 |
| Mean insulin concentration (pmol/l) | 26.4 ± 1.6 | 25.2 ± 1.6 | 27.6 ± 1.6 |
| Insulin production rate (pmol/l) | 185.4 ± 25.8 | 163.2 ± 25.2 | 183.6 ± 25.2 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.78 ± 0.11† | 3.93 ± 0.11 | 3.90 ± 0.11 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.15 ± 0.09 | 2.20 ± 0.09 | 2.24 ± 0.09 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.23 ± 0.04† | 1.28 ± 0.04 | 1.23 ± 0.04† |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.88 ± 0.10 | 0.88 ± 0.10 | 0.94 ± 0.10 |
Data are means ± SE, adjusted for time and reflect measures made at the end of each 4-week diet period. SI* and SG* are parameters from stable-label minimal model. Lipid data are also adjusted for sex.
Significantly different from palmitic acid diet (P < 0.05).