American Diabetes Association

TABLE 2

Univariate Spearman correlation coefficients between simple measures of insulin resistance and directly measured insulin sensitivity obtained from the FSIGT among nondiabetic subjects in the IRAS

Simple measure (abbreviation) [reference]	Formula	Spearman r with S_I from FSIGT
Simple measure (abbreviation) [reference]	Formula			All subjects	HA	NHW	AA
n		981	342	392	247
Fasting only
Fasting insulin (I₀) (FI) [5]	I₀	−0.68	−0.72	−0.62	−0.59
BMI (BMI)	weight (kg)/height (m)²	−0.54	−0.62	−0.52	−0.39
ISI (ISI) [9]	10,000/(I₂ × G₂)	0.68	0.72	0.63	0.59
HOMA IR (HOMA-IR) [7]	(I₀ × G₀)/22.5	−0.68	−0.72	−0.63	−0.59
FIRI (FIRI) [8]	(I₀ × G₀)/25	−0.68	−0.72	−0.63	−0.59
Insulin/glucose (IGR) [13]	I₀/G₀	−0.65	−0.71	−0.59	−0.57
McAuley index (McAuley) [18]	e^{[2.63 − 0.28 ln(I₀ − 0.31 ln(Tg0)]}	0.67	0.72	0.61	0.58
Raynaud (Raynaud) [10]	40/I₀	0.68	0.72	0.62	0.59
QUICKI (QUICKI) [11]	1/[log I₀ + log G₀]	0.68	0.71	0.63	0.59
Bennett’s S_I (BFSI) [13]	1/(log I₀ × log G₀)	0.68	0.72	0.62	0.59
Belfiore (basal) (ISIgly_b) [15]	2/[(I_0/N × G_0/N) + 1]	0.68	0.72	0.63	0.59
Fasting and/or 2 h
2-h insulin/2-h glucose (IGR2h) [13]	I₂/G₂	−0.59	−0.60	−0.55	−0.52
2-h ISI (ISI_2h) [9]	10,000/(I₂ × G₂)	0.69	0.68	0.68	0.66
Stumvoll (Stum_nodem) [20]	0.156 − 0.0000459 × I₂ − 0.0000321 × I₀ − 0.00541 × G₀	0.71	0.70	0.71	0.67
Stumvoll-demographic (Stum_wdem) [20]	0.222 − 0.00333 × BMI − 0.0000779 × I₂ − 0.000422 × age	0.74	0.75	0.72	0.69
Gutt ISI_{0, 120}^* (ISI_{0, 120}) [19]	(m/MPG) / log MSI	0.68	0.67	0.69	0.64
Avignon’s SiM^† (SiM) [17]	[(w × Sib) + Si_2h] / 2	0.77	0.79	0.75	0.70
Belfiore (area) (ISIgly_a) [15]	2/[(I_a/mI_a + G_a/mG_a) + 1]	0.73	0.72	0.72	0.66

Simple measure (abbreviation) [reference]	Formula	Spearman r with S_I from FSIGT
Simple measure (abbreviation) [reference]	Formula			All subjects	HA	NHW	AA
n		981	342	392	247
Fasting only
Fasting insulin (I₀) (FI) [5]	I₀	−0.68	−0.72	−0.62	−0.59
BMI (BMI)	weight (kg)/height (m)²	−0.54	−0.62	−0.52	−0.39
ISI (ISI) [9]	10,000/(I₂ × G₂)	0.68	0.72	0.63	0.59
HOMA IR (HOMA-IR) [7]	(I₀ × G₀)/22.5	−0.68	−0.72	−0.63	−0.59
FIRI (FIRI) [8]	(I₀ × G₀)/25	−0.68	−0.72	−0.63	−0.59
Insulin/glucose (IGR) [13]	I₀/G₀	−0.65	−0.71	−0.59	−0.57
McAuley index (McAuley) [18]	e^{[2.63 − 0.28 ln(I₀ − 0.31 ln(Tg0)]}	0.67	0.72	0.61	0.58
Raynaud (Raynaud) [10]	40/I₀	0.68	0.72	0.62	0.59
QUICKI (QUICKI) [11]	1/[log I₀ + log G₀]	0.68	0.71	0.63	0.59
Bennett’s S_I (BFSI) [13]	1/(log I₀ × log G₀)	0.68	0.72	0.62	0.59
Belfiore (basal) (ISIgly_b) [15]	2/[(I_0/N × G_0/N) + 1]	0.68	0.72	0.63	0.59
Fasting and/or 2 h
2-h insulin/2-h glucose (IGR2h) [13]	I₂/G₂	−0.59	−0.60	−0.55	−0.52
2-h ISI (ISI_2h) [9]	10,000/(I₂ × G₂)	0.69	0.68	0.68	0.66
Stumvoll (Stum_nodem) [20]	0.156 − 0.0000459 × I₂ − 0.0000321 × I₀ − 0.00541 × G₀	0.71	0.70	0.71	0.67
Stumvoll-demographic (Stum_wdem) [20]	0.222 − 0.00333 × BMI − 0.0000779 × I₂ − 0.000422 × age	0.74	0.75	0.72	0.69
Gutt ISI_{0, 120}^* (ISI_{0, 120}) [19]	(m/MPG) / log MSI	0.68	0.67	0.69	0.64
Avignon’s SiM^† (SiM) [17]	[(w × Sib) + Si_2h] / 2	0.77	0.79	0.75	0.70
Belfiore (area) (ISIgly_a) [15]	2/[(I_a/mI_a + G_a/mG_a) + 1]	0.73	0.72	0.72	0.66

m = (75,000 mg + (fasting glucose − 2-h glucose) × 0.19 × body wt) / 120 min; MPG = mean of fasting and 2-h glucose concentrations (mg/dl); MSI = mean of fasting and 2-h insulin concentrations (mU/l).

†

w = mean Si2h / mean Sib, Sib = 10⁸ / (fasting insulin (μU/ml) × fasting glucose (mg/dl) × VD), Si2h = 10⁸ / (2-h insulin (μU/ml) × 2-h glucose (mg/dl) × VD), where VD = 150 ml/kg body wt. AA, African American; G₀, fasting glucose; G₂, 2-h glucose; G_a, glucose area; HA, Hispanic American; I_a, insulin area; I₀, fasting insulin; I₂, 2-h insulin; I_a, insulin area; mG₀, mean fasting glucose; mG_a, mean glucose area; mI₀, mean fasting insulin; mI_a, mean insulin area; NHW, non-Hispanic white.

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