Clinical characteristics according to renal status
| . | Control subjects . | Proteinuria subjects . | ESRD* subjects . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 307 | 200 | 152 | |
| Sex (% male) | 49.2 | 55.5 | 50.0 | 0.36 |
| Age at examination (years) | 36 ± 7.8 | 36 ± 8.0 | 37 ± 5.4 | 0.19 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 24 ± 6.9 | 25 ± 8.0 | 26 ± 8.0 | 0.03 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.1 ± 1.3 | 9.14 ± 1.7 | 9.00 ± 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | —† | <0.001 |
| Treated hypertension (%) | 7.8 | 54.5 | 65.8 | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibition (%) | 5.2 | 47.0 | 28.9 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 192 ± 40 | 234 ± 67 | 238 ± 82 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 55 ± 17 | 52 ± 17 | 52 ± 19 | 0.33 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ | 111 ± 59 | 177 ± 134 | 195 ± 120 | <0.001 |
| Q carrier frequency (%) | 21.5 | 31.5 | 32.2 | 0.01 |
| Q allele frequency (%) | 12.1 | 17.0 | 17.8 | 0.03 |
| . | Control subjects . | Proteinuria subjects . | ESRD* subjects . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 307 | 200 | 152 | |
| Sex (% male) | 49.2 | 55.5 | 50.0 | 0.36 |
| Age at examination (years) | 36 ± 7.8 | 36 ± 8.0 | 37 ± 5.4 | 0.19 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 24 ± 6.9 | 25 ± 8.0 | 26 ± 8.0 | 0.03 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.1 ± 1.3 | 9.14 ± 1.7 | 9.00 ± 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | —† | <0.001 |
| Treated hypertension (%) | 7.8 | 54.5 | 65.8 | <0.001 |
| ACE inhibition (%) | 5.2 | 47.0 | 28.9 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 192 ± 40 | 234 ± 67 | 238 ± 82 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 55 ± 17 | 52 ± 17 | 52 ± 19 | 0.33 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)‡ | 111 ± 59 | 177 ± 134 | 195 ± 120 | <0.001 |
| Q carrier frequency (%) | 21.5 | 31.5 | 32.2 | 0.01 |
| Q allele frequency (%) | 12.1 | 17.0 | 17.8 | 0.03 |
Data are means ± SD or %.
The ESRD group consisted of 92 prevalent and 60 incidence case subjects of ESRD.
Of ESRD patients, 68.7% had a kidney transplant at the time of enrollment.
Significance test performed on log-transformed data.