Clinical characteristics of the individual study samples
| . | Hoorn* . | Utrecht* . | NTR Twins* . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IGT . | NGT . | IGT . | NGT . | IGT . | |
| n | 137 | 64 | 12 | 116 | 7 |
| Sex (male/female) | 64/73 | 15/49 | 4/8 | 58/58 | 0/7 |
| Age (years) | 60.5 ± 8.6 | 45.9 ± 6.4 | 49.5 ± 7.7 | 31.5 ± 6.5 | 31.2 ± 3.2 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 4.0 | 25.8 ± 3.8 | 26.7 ± 4.1 | 24.2 ± 3.5 | 24.5 ± 3.3 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 6.3 ± 0.7 | 4.6 ± 0.4 | 5.1 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ± 0.6 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 8.8 ± 1.7 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 8.1 ± 0.3 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/l) | 62 (46–91) | 30 (24–42) | 66 (42–78) | 34 (27–51) | 39 (29–60) |
| First-phase insulin response (pmol/l) | 587 (378–895) | 885 (644–1,217) | 678 (461–909) | 814 (589–1,162) | 795 (693–1,210) |
| Second-phase insulin response (pmol/l) | 255 (176–354) | 260 (191–365) | 251 (186–307) | 218 (162–358) | 217 (210–434) |
| ISI (μmol · min−1 · kg−1 · pmol−1 · l−1) | 0.108 (0.068–0.164) | 0.190 (0.127–0.282) | 0.111 (0.082–0.256) | 0.227 (0.152–0.323) | 0.123 (0.109–0.183) |
| DI (μmol · min−1 · kg−1) | 65 (42–92) | 172 (103–238) | 72 (55–128) | 180 (140–234) | 138 (82–151) |
| GLP-1–stimulated insulin release (pmol/l) | NA | NA | NA | 1,225 (734–2,587) | 848 (577–1,239) |
| Arginine-stimulated insulin release (pmol/l) | NA | NA | NA | 2,188 (1,526–2,973) | 1,673 (1,438–1,908) |
| . | Hoorn* . | Utrecht* . | NTR Twins* . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IGT . | NGT . | IGT . | NGT . | IGT . | |
| n | 137 | 64 | 12 | 116 | 7 |
| Sex (male/female) | 64/73 | 15/49 | 4/8 | 58/58 | 0/7 |
| Age (years) | 60.5 ± 8.6 | 45.9 ± 6.4 | 49.5 ± 7.7 | 31.5 ± 6.5 | 31.2 ± 3.2 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1 ± 4.0 | 25.8 ± 3.8 | 26.7 ± 4.1 | 24.2 ± 3.5 | 24.5 ± 3.3 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 6.3 ± 0.7 | 4.6 ± 0.4 | 5.1 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ± 0.4 | 4.6 ± 0.6 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 8.8 ± 1.7 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 8.1 ± 0.3 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/l) | 62 (46–91) | 30 (24–42) | 66 (42–78) | 34 (27–51) | 39 (29–60) |
| First-phase insulin response (pmol/l) | 587 (378–895) | 885 (644–1,217) | 678 (461–909) | 814 (589–1,162) | 795 (693–1,210) |
| Second-phase insulin response (pmol/l) | 255 (176–354) | 260 (191–365) | 251 (186–307) | 218 (162–358) | 217 (210–434) |
| ISI (μmol · min−1 · kg−1 · pmol−1 · l−1) | 0.108 (0.068–0.164) | 0.190 (0.127–0.282) | 0.111 (0.082–0.256) | 0.227 (0.152–0.323) | 0.123 (0.109–0.183) |
| DI (μmol · min−1 · kg−1) | 65 (42–92) | 172 (103–238) | 72 (55–128) | 180 (140–234) | 138 (82–151) |
| GLP-1–stimulated insulin release (pmol/l) | NA | NA | NA | 1,225 (734–2,587) | 848 (577–1,239) |
| Arginine-stimulated insulin release (pmol/l) | NA | NA | NA | 2,188 (1,526–2,973) | 1,673 (1,438–1,908) |
Data are means ± SD, median (interquartile range), or n.
*Original population from which the cohort originated (26,28–30). NA, not available.