Table 3—

PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales child self-report: one-way ANOVAs comparing healthy children and children with type 1 and type 2 diabetes

ScalenMean ± SDDifferencedfFP
Total score   a < c,* b < a,* b < c† 2,576 11.47 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 81.94 ± 12.43     
 Type 2b 87 77.47 ± 13.72     
 Healthyc 301 84.88 ± 13.26     
Physical health    2,575 1.54 0.215 
 Type 1a 191 87.46 ± 12.31     
 Type 2b 87 84.25 ± 13.69     
 Healthyc 300 86.29 ± 15.38     
Psychosocial health   a, b < c,† b < a* 2,576 20.13 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 78.95 ± 14.33     
 Type 2b 87 73.83 ± 15.57     
 Healthyc 301 84.20 ± 14.10     
Emotional functioning   a, b < c† 2,576 21.45 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 73.98 ± 19.87     
 Type 2b 87 68.33 ± 19.21     
 Healthyc 301 81.97 ± 18.60     
Social functioning   b < c‡ 2,576 7.42 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 87.16 ± 15.63     
 Type 2b 87 83.45 ± 17.42     
 Healthyc 301 90.30 ± 14.51     
School functioning    2,568 11.17 0.001 
 Type 1a 190 75.99 ± 16.78 a < c,* b < a,* b < c†    
 Type 2b 86 69.59 ± 20.51     
 Healthyc 295 80.12 ± 19.23     
ScalenMean ± SDDifferencedfFP
Total score   a < c,* b < a,* b < c† 2,576 11.47 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 81.94 ± 12.43     
 Type 2b 87 77.47 ± 13.72     
 Healthyc 301 84.88 ± 13.26     
Physical health    2,575 1.54 0.215 
 Type 1a 191 87.46 ± 12.31     
 Type 2b 87 84.25 ± 13.69     
 Healthyc 300 86.29 ± 15.38     
Psychosocial health   a, b < c,† b < a* 2,576 20.13 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 78.95 ± 14.33     
 Type 2b 87 73.83 ± 15.57     
 Healthyc 301 84.20 ± 14.10     
Emotional functioning   a, b < c† 2,576 21.45 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 73.98 ± 19.87     
 Type 2b 87 68.33 ± 19.21     
 Healthyc 301 81.97 ± 18.60     
Social functioning   b < c‡ 2,576 7.42 0.001 
 Type 1a 191 87.16 ± 15.63     
 Type 2b 87 83.45 ± 17.42     
 Healthyc 301 90.30 ± 14.51     
School functioning    2,568 11.17 0.001 
 Type 1a 190 75.99 ± 16.78 a < c,* b < a,* b < c†    
 Type 2b 86 69.59 ± 20.51     
 Healthyc 295 80.12 ± 19.23     
*

P < 0.05

†

P < 0.001 based on Tukey honestly significant difference post hoc analysis. These analyses were conducted for ages 8–18 years only, to make the type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and healthy sample contrast groups comparable in age. a, b, and c indicate the contrasts among the type 1 diabetic, type 2 diabetic, and healthy subjects, respectively.

‡

P < 0.01

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